CROWDFUNDING SYSTEMS: evaluation and government regulation in the conditions of reengineering

ڰ a set of demographic indicators of users, including the level of access of investors to traditional financial institutions and their ability to access the Internet. For Ukraine, it is important to focus on regulating such aspects related to crowdfunding: ڰ rules for mediation and long-distance sales, regardless of the model used by the platform; ڰ regulation of securities for crowdinvesting operations; ڰ regulation of payment services when funds are paid through the platform. Also, in the context of crowdfunding development, officials in Ukraine should pay more attention to solving money laundering problems, as well as to fighting the financing of terrorism laws. Currently in Ukraine, such problems in the field of money laundering are urgent: the creation of fictitious enterprises, the implementation of illegal economic activities and tax evasion. Regarding crowdfunding, in most cases such projects in Ukraine are legitimate, and the funds received from a significant number of contributors and investors are used for the benefit of those who need funding to solve personal problems, as well as to finance a real business project. The situation of money laundering in Ukraine is also assessed by representatives of the Committee of Experts on the Evaluation of Anti- Money Laundering Measures and the Financing of Terrorism — MONEYVAL. For example, in 2010 Ukraine was given a warning from this Commission. The reason for this was the lack of consistency, focus and logic in the fight against corruption and money laundering. According to experts, the root cause of such situations in Ukraine is problematic aspects in obtaining and managing information about financial crimes and misdemeanors, as well as the lack of effective investigations and criminal proceedings concerning these illegal actions, which are still widespread (Moneyval). In addition to the mentioned above Committee of Experts of the Europe Council, the international group on countering money laundering (FATF-Financial Action Task Force) plays a significant role in the study of the condition and problems of combating money laundering obtained by illegitimate means. This body, as part of its activities, publishes a report on the current situation with money laundering for each state or group of states, as well as provides practical recommendations on combating 130