CROWDFUNDING SYSTEMS: evaluation and government regulation in the conditions of reengineering

crowdfunding projects are representatives of innovative, technological, multimedia enterprises and startups in general, which are often created and operated in the innovation infrastructure environment, elements of which include business accelerators, business incubators, technology parks, scientific and government institutions, innovation, technology, and engineering firms, etc. This startup development industry is growing around the world, providing entrepreneurs with access to the resources and financial support they need to turn their startup ideas into successful businesses. According To the Global Accelerator Report (2015), a total of 579 accelerator programs have made investments, the total volume of which worldwide amounted to more than 206 million US dollars (more than 11 thousand startups). The United States and Canada are the leaders in the number of investments in startups in the world ranking, while Europe is the leader in the number of functioning startups that were created or developed thanks to accelerator programs. To conclude, it is difficult to imagine the quantitative and qualitative development of crowdfunding activities without a proper innovation infrastructure, because then the number and awareness of potential authors of crowdfunding projects-startups decreases. It is also important to highlight the special factors of influence on crowdfunding activities, most of them have a specific social character. The analysis of such factors should begin with a great part of the middle class in the country . The middle class is characterized by a relatively high level of income. Families that can only buy necessities are considered poor. Oligarchs are those people who have the opportunity to purchase any luxury goods. The middle class includes those families that can fully meet their demand for necessities and buy durable goods ( ɒɭɥɶɝɿɧ , 2009). In any society, there are representatives of every class, but important is their percentage. The Federal Reserve Board (FRB) — the governing body of the US Federal reserve system — conducted a study «Monitoring the financial and economic condition of American consumers» in 2013. According to this study, 49% of people who work part-time can work more hours while earning current wages; 29% of Americans expect to earn a higher income next year; 43% of homeowners hope for an increase in cost. In general, they assessed their financial condition positively. However, the answer to one question surprised everyone. FRB respondents were asked if they would be able to pay $400 of unexpected expenses now. 47% of respondents said that they will cover the costs either with a loan or will sell 26