CROWDFUNDING SYSTEMS: evaluation and government regulation in the conditions of reengineering

the creation of the first crowdfunding platforms. Therefore, these projects will remain one of the key ones in the future. 3. In the sphere of art, music, and book publishing, when projects are left without the attention of the state. That is why they need financial assistance from not indifferent people. Also, crowdfunding contributors are directly interested in the results of such projects. They are the first to get a book, disk, or picture for free. 4. The other one is related to politics, sports, fashion, games, etc. The share of such projects in the overall structure is quite large. In many cases, crowdfunding activities can involve various projects. Thus, the implementation of a music festival can represent the category «Art, music and books» and be part of «Social projects». By the level of novelty crowdfunding projects can be: 1. Radical — includes projects that enable the creation of a specific innovative product or service. 2. Modernization — creating the possibility of implementing projects aimed at improving certain existing goods and services. 3. Non-innovative — combines projects that need financial assistance to implement or create existing ideas, products, services, and events (Ugolkova, Kuzmin and Skybinsky, 2016). By the project information channels, crowdfunding projects can be divided into : 1. A project with a direct channel of information — this happens when contributors see the project for the first time on a crowdfunding platform, so they visit one of these platforms, chose a project that is interesting to them, and supported it. 2. An indirect information channel project is a type of crowdfunding where potential contributors already know about a particular project and are interested in it, search for a crowdfunding platform where it is hosted, and purposefully become a contributor for this project. By the method of rewarding contributors, there are such types of crowdfunding: gift-based crowdfunding and crowdfunding with financial rewards. Crowdfunding based on a gift should be divided into two types: 1. Crowdfunding without any remuneration — this type of activity resembles charity, it does not provide remuneration to people who supported a particular project. This type of crowdfunding is most often used for social projects. The only motivation for contributors is their desire to participate in changes and improve certain aspects of human existence. 40